The ISCHE 46 wishes to look at the history of teachers and teaching, from the earliest times to the beginning of the 21st century, in all its diversity, from primary school teachers taking care of young children to teachers in higher education, from full professors with a diploma to part-time teachers and professionals who occasionally took on the role of trainer, from preceptors to teaching congregations, to families taking on the task of educating children and the various practices of self-teaching.

As key players in the history of education, teachers are defined by UNESCO as all those responsible for educating pupils, all those who teach others. However, teaching has never been the exclusive preserve of professionals and/or people who devote themselves exclusively to this task.