WEBVTT 1 00:00:03.080 --> 00:00:05.040 It is a pleasure to, to 2 00:00:05.040 --> 00:00:08.760 introduce you, as the first speaker of the day. 3 00:00:08.840 --> 00:00:13.080 Christian Massa is, curator of the British Museum. 4 00:00:13.320 --> 00:00:19.520 It's, he's responsible for the collection of, the cultures of Italy 5 00:00:19.520 --> 00:00:24.920 and western Greece at the Roman in Greece, and the Greece and Rome, and. 6 00:00:24.920 --> 00:00:27.760 Sorry, department at the British Museum. 7 00:00:27.760 --> 00:00:31.760 So, let me say some few words 8 00:00:31.760 --> 00:00:37.240 about, about, you, Christian, when when, we first met, 9 00:00:37.600 --> 00:00:41.600 we were both, alumni at the Ecology Leuven, 10 00:00:41.600 --> 00:00:45.280 trained in Boston, museology and, and art history. 11 00:00:45.960 --> 00:00:49.000 And then Christian was a doctor of mercy 12 00:00:49.040 --> 00:00:53.600 for Chase with a PhD in archeology from the university. 13 00:00:53.600 --> 00:00:58.000 But Paris and, at the Ecole 14 00:00:58.000 --> 00:01:02.040 pratique, they, they would to in 2020 15 00:01:02.600 --> 00:01:07.240 and historic his doctoral research focused on how Greek 16 00:01:07.240 --> 00:01:13.240 and pre-Roman populations adopted and transformed Near Eastern figured 17 00:01:15.120 --> 00:01:16.680 and the figurative 18 00:01:16.680 --> 00:01:20.480 repositories during the seven and six, centuries 19 00:01:20.480 --> 00:01:25.520 before, before Christian with a special attention 20 00:01:25.520 --> 00:01:30.680 to the iconography of, family bread, scriptures and the Syrian and so on. 21 00:01:31.080 --> 00:01:34.920 That, inhabit the literary, the artistic 22 00:01:34.920 --> 00:01:38.800 and religious imagination of pre classical societies. 23 00:01:39.360 --> 00:01:44.560 So between the 22 2019 and 2022, 24 00:01:45.600 --> 00:01:49.040 he was a scientific member of the alcohol process, 25 00:01:49.040 --> 00:01:53.360 the home and the research fellow at the Institute of Nationalities. 26 00:01:53.480 --> 00:01:56.720 The at Bruschi a little itchy, between the, 27 00:01:57.520 --> 00:02:00.200 2023 and 2024. 28 00:02:00.200 --> 00:02:01.760 I'm right. Yeah. 29 00:02:01.760 --> 00:02:04.360 So his postdoctoral research in this, 30 00:02:04.360 --> 00:02:07.760 area awarded by the Roger Lambros 31 00:02:08.160 --> 00:02:12.480 International Prize in Philology, history and Archeology of Etruscan 32 00:02:12.480 --> 00:02:15.960 and Italic Population by the Royal Academy of Belgium, 33 00:02:16.520 --> 00:02:19.880 has focused on the at and city of Wolsey 34 00:02:20.560 --> 00:02:23.560 in and in a particular, 35 00:02:23.960 --> 00:02:26.160 disparate artifact from the first 36 00:02:26.160 --> 00:02:30.440 and necropolis excavated by Alexandrina Lucien Bonaparte 37 00:02:30.800 --> 00:02:35.400 between 1828 and 1855. 38 00:02:36.040 --> 00:02:40.040 So these preliminary studies led to various institution, 39 00:02:40.040 --> 00:02:43.040 institutional collaborations 40 00:02:43.320 --> 00:02:45.600 launched in 2022, 41 00:02:45.600 --> 00:02:48.600 in with the iconic Will Siena. 42 00:02:48.920 --> 00:02:52.480 And now it's part of the bigger projects 43 00:02:52.960 --> 00:02:55.520 for new excavations in Wiltshire. 44 00:02:55.520 --> 00:02:58.800 So please join me in welcoming Doctor Christian. 45 00:02:59.120 --> 00:02:59.600 Thank you. 46 00:03:04.680 --> 00:03:06.080 Thanks a lot. 47 00:03:06.080 --> 00:03:09.400 Florence, I'm very glad to be to be here 48 00:03:09.400 --> 00:03:12.400 and and to present my, 49 00:03:12.520 --> 00:03:17.400 my work, in fact, a collaborative work that I'm pursuing since, since few years, 50 00:03:17.480 --> 00:03:22.560 related to the site to just insight of of beauty. 51 00:03:22.600 --> 00:03:25.600 So, indeed, I'm, I'm, 52 00:03:25.880 --> 00:03:29.920 I'm new in the museum field, let's say, because I had 53 00:03:30.200 --> 00:03:33.880 I have been appointed as curator for Italy in the western Mediterranean at the 54 00:03:34.360 --> 00:03:37.520 in room department at the Department of Greece in Rome, at the British Museum, 55 00:03:38.120 --> 00:03:40.080 just since six months. 56 00:03:40.080 --> 00:03:44.240 So I'm I'm trying also to learn 57 00:03:44.240 --> 00:03:48.080 better how to talk in English and to present my research in English. 58 00:03:48.080 --> 00:03:51.520 So anyway, it's a great occasion to present it here. 59 00:03:51.840 --> 00:03:53.600 Indeed. 60 00:03:53.600 --> 00:03:57.400 I in order to, to be 61 00:03:57.680 --> 00:04:01.560 to be more related to the Symposium museum 62 00:04:01.680 --> 00:04:05.600 and Living archeology and to the theme that we will develop. 63 00:04:05.960 --> 00:04:08.960 I choose in Florence to to present to the, 64 00:04:09.320 --> 00:04:11.720 the, the, the progress of, 65 00:04:12.720 --> 00:04:15.760 of of this project, 66 00:04:16.040 --> 00:04:19.040 that I launched 67 00:04:19.880 --> 00:04:23.080 in 2022 when I was at the end of my 68 00:04:23.520 --> 00:04:26.600 at the end of my fellowship at the conferences done 69 00:04:26.960 --> 00:04:32.120 in collaboration directly with the University de Roma, in the 70 00:04:32.120 --> 00:04:37.640 sector of Italy, psychology and Italian antiquities of of incipient 71 00:04:37.720 --> 00:04:42.120 and indeed, this project 72 00:04:42.320 --> 00:04:45.320 opened the door to 73 00:04:45.800 --> 00:04:47.280 the device, 74 00:04:47.280 --> 00:04:50.440 different scientific collaboration with a lot of museums 75 00:04:50.440 --> 00:04:55.960 because of the nature of the, of of the research in itself, 76 00:04:55.960 --> 00:04:59.920 who was the dispersed material from the, 77 00:04:59.920 --> 00:05:04.000 the, southeastern necropolis of Luchi, 78 00:05:04.320 --> 00:05:08.960 excavated, in the 19th century. 79 00:05:09.840 --> 00:05:14.960 So, I will 80 00:05:15.880 --> 00:05:19.360 I will say a few words about the site 81 00:05:19.400 --> 00:05:24.680 in itself, who is one of the major site of southern Etruria? 82 00:05:24.680 --> 00:05:30.520 The borders between the actual origin of Tuscany and, Lazio. 83 00:05:30.560 --> 00:05:32.520 So it's in northern Lazio. 84 00:05:32.520 --> 00:05:35.720 One of the most important sites. 85 00:05:35.840 --> 00:05:38.840 Of southern area with 86 00:05:39.800 --> 00:05:40.080 Queen. 87 00:05:40.080 --> 00:05:44.400 But she is, an Etruscan city 88 00:05:44.400 --> 00:05:48.680 that has been, developed since Villanova in period. 89 00:05:48.680 --> 00:05:54.200 So, ninth and eighth century BC and then, 90 00:05:54.200 --> 00:05:58.920 and then has been incorporated into, 91 00:05:59.720 --> 00:06:03.280 the Roman world in this phase of from and domination 92 00:06:03.280 --> 00:06:06.280 romanization of, of the third 93 00:06:06.280 --> 00:06:09.280 and second century BCE. 94 00:06:09.480 --> 00:06:12.480 So few, I mean, 95 00:06:12.920 --> 00:06:16.320 five, five centuries of, of history 96 00:06:16.520 --> 00:06:19.800 that had, the characteristics that were 97 00:06:19.880 --> 00:06:24.640 key is a site that has not been as of the Etruscan site, 98 00:06:24.960 --> 00:06:29.800 rebuilt in the medieval, in the medieval period, 99 00:06:30.240 --> 00:06:33.480 just a castle that has been created, 100 00:06:33.680 --> 00:06:36.480 that is now that has been built on on the site 101 00:06:36.480 --> 00:06:42.320 that is now, the Museo archeological of of, of the site 102 00:06:42.680 --> 00:06:45.640 we formed, we, collaborating to, 103 00:06:45.640 --> 00:06:48.520 so, doesn't work. 104 00:06:48.520 --> 00:06:51.520 Two points, I think. Yeah. 105 00:06:51.560 --> 00:06:56.480 So which is, a few kilometers from the sea. 106 00:06:56.480 --> 00:06:59.880 So it's not been into site, open to the Mediterranean 107 00:06:59.880 --> 00:07:03.440 like a lot of other Etruscan important sites. 108 00:07:03.840 --> 00:07:07.080 And it is important because, in fact, 109 00:07:07.280 --> 00:07:10.280 the Vulcan culture 110 00:07:11.240 --> 00:07:13.320 developed itself 111 00:07:13.320 --> 00:07:16.680 with these Mediterranean trends and openings. 112 00:07:17.120 --> 00:07:20.120 Anyway, I just present you how it is. 113 00:07:22.320 --> 00:07:26.240 How the site is presenting, you know, the two that you can have this, 114 00:07:26.320 --> 00:07:30.000 geographical view, in, in orange, 115 00:07:30.320 --> 00:07:33.320 the city of, of Vichy, 116 00:07:33.360 --> 00:07:36.120 and, 117 00:07:36.120 --> 00:07:42.280 in all the zones, also the necropolis of the voce, and the zone in which 118 00:07:42.280 --> 00:07:46.040 we are, excavating, focusing our study 119 00:07:46.040 --> 00:07:49.520 is all the zone of a southern necropolis 120 00:07:50.120 --> 00:07:53.600 related to the actual, sea, 121 00:07:54.680 --> 00:07:57.760 territory of, know, the 122 00:07:58.120 --> 00:08:02.480 so the, the, the community of, of can know 123 00:08:02.840 --> 00:08:07.360 the scientists, directed, by the superintendence. 124 00:08:08.000 --> 00:08:13.040 Of, the southern Etruria and, and, and the original Viterbo. 125 00:08:13.040 --> 00:08:16.240 And it has this particularity to be also, 126 00:08:16.680 --> 00:08:19.520 natural naturalistic sites. 127 00:08:19.520 --> 00:08:24.760 So not just an archeological site, but a naturalistic site, that is, 128 00:08:26.720 --> 00:08:27.680 ruled by, 129 00:08:27.680 --> 00:08:32.200 by an entity, 130 00:08:32.320 --> 00:08:38.440 related to the different cities, that are related to the territory. 131 00:08:38.440 --> 00:08:41.440 So Antarctica, like skeletons and Coconino, 132 00:08:41.480 --> 00:08:44.640 the Fondazione evolution, 133 00:08:45.920 --> 00:08:50.880 so the site is mostly known in reality, 134 00:08:50.880 --> 00:08:54.440 to be in the night in the beginning of the 19th century, 135 00:08:56.040 --> 00:08:59.040 the main site where 136 00:08:59.600 --> 00:09:02.400 Greek faces have been discovered, 137 00:09:02.400 --> 00:09:06.960 since the, 1828, 138 00:09:08.040 --> 00:09:11.000 a date important for is the real faculty in history 139 00:09:11.000 --> 00:09:14.000 of Italian archeology, and mostly for classical archeology. 140 00:09:14.640 --> 00:09:18.800 The discovery of thousands, thousands of Greek vases 141 00:09:19.200 --> 00:09:22.160 found in through, 142 00:09:22.160 --> 00:09:26.160 you know, probably and but something important to say that, 143 00:09:26.800 --> 00:09:29.240 Greek collections of Greek faces 144 00:09:29.240 --> 00:09:32.240 are coming mainly from Etruria. 145 00:09:32.640 --> 00:09:36.920 And, and so in, in 1820, 146 00:09:36.920 --> 00:09:40.520 2028, at the same moment 147 00:09:40.520 --> 00:09:44.840 where in Rome was created the Instituto de Correspondance Archeological. 148 00:09:45.040 --> 00:09:49.760 In 1829, the site was discovered and became 149 00:09:50.280 --> 00:09:53.280 the necropolis of the site of Lucy, were discovered, then became 150 00:09:53.360 --> 00:09:57.000 one of one of most important site 151 00:09:57.000 --> 00:10:00.560 in order to study classical, that means to study Greek faces. 152 00:10:01.200 --> 00:10:05.640 It was compared with architect Colonna and Pompeii, 153 00:10:06.520 --> 00:10:10.520 and the site is profoundly marked by. 154 00:10:12.520 --> 00:10:14.120 This couple, 155 00:10:14.120 --> 00:10:16.400 Lucien Bonaparte and Alexandrine. 156 00:10:16.400 --> 00:10:18.920 So something about the brother of Napoleon Bonaparte 157 00:10:18.920 --> 00:10:25.120 play a key role into the accession to to to the in France, to 158 00:10:25.320 --> 00:10:28.520 to the reign of Napoleon, if you want to say like that. 159 00:10:28.880 --> 00:10:33.240 But he was exiled by his brother and, welcome by, 160 00:10:33.320 --> 00:10:38.440 the Pope, in 1840, in in 1814. 161 00:10:38.920 --> 00:10:42.800 And, the Pope gave him the land of CanSino, 162 00:10:43.040 --> 00:10:46.840 and it was on this land that, after, 163 00:10:47.600 --> 00:10:51.200 mythic discovery of a bull, 164 00:10:51.200 --> 00:10:54.880 collapsing into a grave tomb, maybe a legend. 165 00:10:55.400 --> 00:10:57.760 They began with his wife. 166 00:10:57.760 --> 00:11:02.280 Alexandra was the real mastermind of the excavations, 167 00:11:03.600 --> 00:11:07.640 the excavations of during more than 20 years 168 00:11:08.360 --> 00:11:12.080 of thousands and thousands of objects and, 169 00:11:12.080 --> 00:11:16.640 and hundreds of of tombs in this zone 170 00:11:16.640 --> 00:11:20.520 that I in reason of Guadeloupe for cuckoo cuckoo paintings. 171 00:11:20.560 --> 00:11:20.800 So the 172 00:11:22.040 --> 00:11:24.320 oldest film of a south and eastern 173 00:11:24.320 --> 00:11:27.320 of of the eastern necropolis is of a site 174 00:11:29.480 --> 00:11:31.760 and it is this project 175 00:11:31.760 --> 00:11:35.240 mainly that I focus on this this the story 176 00:11:35.240 --> 00:11:39.440 of excavations of the Bonaparte excavation that I focused on when I was, 177 00:11:39.800 --> 00:11:43.160 in my positive position at the French school of Rome. 178 00:11:43.160 --> 00:11:46.160 And so it opens, indeed, 179 00:11:46.760 --> 00:11:49.200 of an important collaboration 180 00:11:49.200 --> 00:11:52.920 with, with, with, Italian authorities. 181 00:11:53.000 --> 00:11:58.880 Because I was able, in my research to find the, the archives, 182 00:11:59.200 --> 00:12:02.240 the and the archives of these excavations. 183 00:12:02.880 --> 00:12:06.440 But I will not talk about that now, I'll talk more about the excavation 184 00:12:06.480 --> 00:12:09.480 itself, that it allows me, in fact, to 185 00:12:11.320 --> 00:12:13.840 recompose a lot of histories, 186 00:12:13.840 --> 00:12:17.600 biographies, social biographies of this subject excavated by, by, 187 00:12:17.600 --> 00:12:24.160 by the Bonaparte's and to and to provide this information to a lot of museums. 188 00:12:24.160 --> 00:12:24.680 Because, 189 00:12:26.240 --> 00:12:29.240 yes. So, 190 00:12:29.720 --> 00:12:32.720 there are not just anyone excavating here on the site on the 191 00:12:32.880 --> 00:12:36.760 the bank of the River fuera, at the zone of Campo Scala 192 00:12:36.760 --> 00:12:41.320 and in the city of I was also this important, collector and excavator. 193 00:12:41.320 --> 00:12:46.440 Vincenzo company was working at the same time with, that Alexander 194 00:12:46.480 --> 00:12:52.120 and then that about, Henry's, very known, famous archeologist. 195 00:12:52.560 --> 00:12:55.560 And a lot of his collection has been, 196 00:12:55.760 --> 00:12:58.640 integrated into the Museo Categoria. 197 00:12:58.640 --> 00:13:00.280 No, at the Vatican. 198 00:13:00.280 --> 00:13:04.640 But also like the Bonaparte excavations and the Bonaparte's, 199 00:13:06.440 --> 00:13:08.200 the collection of a compound that he entered 200 00:13:08.200 --> 00:13:11.640 into the 19th century market of antiquities. 201 00:13:11.640 --> 00:13:15.200 And that's why we are finding them in, in a lot 202 00:13:15.200 --> 00:13:18.760 of our big European collections of antiquities. 203 00:13:18.760 --> 00:13:21.760 Indeed. 204 00:13:23.280 --> 00:13:27.480 The Bonaparte Convention that also known for the big 205 00:13:29.200 --> 00:13:29.640 sacred 206 00:13:29.640 --> 00:13:32.840 business, we have to call it like that, a commercial business. 207 00:13:33.760 --> 00:13:36.280 The couple understood. 208 00:13:36.280 --> 00:13:39.280 The couple has ten child. 209 00:13:39.920 --> 00:13:42.480 They were exiled without money. 210 00:13:42.480 --> 00:13:47.080 Money of the pulpits, mostly money of the territory, of the land that they had. 211 00:13:47.680 --> 00:13:51.720 And so they they even if they had. 212 00:13:51.720 --> 00:13:55.880 And but someone that has, had scientific views 213 00:13:56.400 --> 00:13:59.360 that maybe they had commercial views and, 214 00:13:59.360 --> 00:14:03.960 and, the laws of the papal authorities at that time, it's important 215 00:14:03.960 --> 00:14:08.120 to note that it was they respected the laws of that time. 216 00:14:09.400 --> 00:14:14.640 They presented in auctions, mainly in Paris, 217 00:14:14.640 --> 00:14:17.920 but also in London, in Rotterdam, in Berlin, 218 00:14:21.080 --> 00:14:24.040 a big part of their collections that allo 219 00:14:24.040 --> 00:14:27.720 and so in, in, in, public auction sales, 220 00:14:28.480 --> 00:14:34.040 and also by direct links with museums and collectors of space 221 00:14:34.200 --> 00:14:37.080 sold their antiquities that they, they, they, 222 00:14:37.080 --> 00:14:41.640 they found and and it it has marked 223 00:14:41.760 --> 00:14:45.440 totally the history of, antiquities market of the 19th century. 224 00:14:45.880 --> 00:14:49.200 And so in, in an important program that 225 00:14:49.840 --> 00:14:53.800 which I, I took part when I was a PhD student. 226 00:14:53.840 --> 00:14:58.600 That's why I developed this research, in my position, 227 00:14:58.880 --> 00:15:01.760 that is, 228 00:15:01.760 --> 00:15:06.080 that that's been developed since 2012, 229 00:15:06.760 --> 00:15:11.680 at the National Register to that this program is called The repertoire. 230 00:15:11.680 --> 00:15:15.760 The event was on sequences in FDM, sic we reconstructed 231 00:15:16.360 --> 00:15:21.320 all this is stories of dispersions of the carnival auction, 232 00:15:21.320 --> 00:15:25.640 and was the first work that I did when I was doing my, my PhD. 233 00:15:27.680 --> 00:15:29.480 So if it works 234 00:15:29.480 --> 00:15:32.640 just to present you the results of this research program 235 00:15:32.640 --> 00:15:36.160 focusing on the cardinal excavations, the I say the carnival, 236 00:15:36.160 --> 00:15:39.160 because it's the land of Canaan, of with the Bonaparte excavations, 237 00:15:39.520 --> 00:15:42.480 we were able to reconstruct these 238 00:15:42.480 --> 00:15:47.360 dispositions, in and now you can find in reality 239 00:15:47.480 --> 00:15:53.240 so, that they is, coming from Athens 240 00:15:53.240 --> 00:15:56.240 because are mostly Greek vases, 241 00:15:56.440 --> 00:15:59.200 and the long term 242 00:15:59.200 --> 00:16:02.640 history of their translocations, let's say. 243 00:16:03.160 --> 00:16:08.200 So we identified more than 600 244 00:16:09.080 --> 00:16:12.480 antiquities, dispersed on 245 00:16:13.520 --> 00:16:16.880 1002 hundred lots 246 00:16:17.160 --> 00:16:19.920 that were part of this, 247 00:16:19.920 --> 00:16:22.920 of and, same market, let's say. 248 00:16:23.040 --> 00:16:28.400 But in the archives we have more than 6000 objects that, that 249 00:16:28.880 --> 00:16:30.160 that can be identified. 250 00:16:30.160 --> 00:16:34.840 So just to present you the range of the unknown 251 00:16:34.840 --> 00:16:40.440 also that we, that we, that we can, imagine, towards the excavation 252 00:16:40.440 --> 00:16:45.360 and still now we are really identifying some of these collections. 253 00:16:47.840 --> 00:16:51.040 How it is related to the British Museum. 254 00:16:52.000 --> 00:16:54.640 Let's focus on that. 255 00:16:54.640 --> 00:16:57.640 It is because the British Museum 256 00:16:58.240 --> 00:17:01.960 found it, at the 18th century, 257 00:17:02.920 --> 00:17:05.760 has been the main purchaser of the can, 258 00:17:05.760 --> 00:17:10.000 you know, auctions from, from so and, and, the 259 00:17:10.200 --> 00:17:15.040 the date is Etruscan bronzes and Chagall's from voce in reality. 260 00:17:15.560 --> 00:17:19.400 So I just put you that a name that's, 261 00:17:19.440 --> 00:17:23.480 coming from the press of the time, showing you the vase room, 262 00:17:23.480 --> 00:17:28.400 at the mid-nineteenth century of, of, the British Museum with, 263 00:17:28.720 --> 00:17:32.160 all the vases, the attic vases that you can see, but 264 00:17:32.160 --> 00:17:36.080 also reproductions of Etruscan paintings that were presented in 265 00:17:36.400 --> 00:17:42.680 one of the most renowned, gallery of the British Museum at that time. 266 00:17:43.160 --> 00:17:47.640 And the acquisition, the several acquisition 267 00:17:47.640 --> 00:17:51.200 that the British Museum did into the Parisian market, 268 00:17:51.200 --> 00:17:54.320 but also in the London market, because it was connected directly 269 00:17:54.320 --> 00:17:58.600 connected of the finds from Fushi, really 270 00:17:58.880 --> 00:18:01.880 allowed to expand that, 271 00:18:02.480 --> 00:18:07.560 that the panorama of the of the collection of of that time 272 00:18:08.120 --> 00:18:12.320 and they change also the face of history of Greek face 273 00:18:12.320 --> 00:18:16.760 painting by providing this new material to light. 274 00:18:17.000 --> 00:18:17.400 Let's see. 275 00:18:18.720 --> 00:18:21.720 So just to be quick, 276 00:18:22.600 --> 00:18:25.240 we are in the 277 00:18:25.240 --> 00:18:28.240 30s, 40s of the 19th century, 278 00:18:28.440 --> 00:18:31.760 and the keeper of that time at the British Museum 279 00:18:31.760 --> 00:18:36.680 was this man and a numismatic and numismatic Edward Hawkins. 280 00:18:36.680 --> 00:18:41.640 So in the the two in fact, at the at that time 281 00:18:41.640 --> 00:18:45.200 there were just one big department of antiquities with everything. 282 00:18:45.200 --> 00:18:48.680 And he was in charge of that, the keeper of that, the director of this department. 283 00:18:49.160 --> 00:18:53.720 And just in 1860 that the big figure of Charles Newton, 284 00:18:53.720 --> 00:18:58.640 an archeologist participating in United Councils, for example, was 285 00:18:58.640 --> 00:19:02.560 had as been appointed as the director of the Department of Greece and Rome 286 00:19:02.560 --> 00:19:04.000 that was created at that time. 287 00:19:04.000 --> 00:19:08.440 But before it was him and Dawkins, a figure that is mostly known in the world 288 00:19:08.440 --> 00:19:12.200 of, metals, Greek metals, I think. 289 00:19:12.920 --> 00:19:15.320 But he had a key role 290 00:19:15.320 --> 00:19:19.200 into shaping this collection by being 291 00:19:20.280 --> 00:19:22.240 trying that the Department of 292 00:19:22.240 --> 00:19:27.240 Antiquities will be present in every auction series on the market. 293 00:19:27.240 --> 00:19:32.560 And so we wanted also to have the antiquities of that marked. 294 00:19:32.560 --> 00:19:36.800 As I said previously, this is the real faculty of the 19th century. 295 00:19:37.320 --> 00:19:40.560 And so that's why. 296 00:19:41.800 --> 00:19:43.440 So it's and 297 00:19:43.440 --> 00:19:45.560 since I'm just here since six, 298 00:19:45.560 --> 00:19:50.760 months, it's an ongoing project with now I'm trying to identify every vases, 299 00:19:50.760 --> 00:19:56.480 every bronzes that are part of this Vuitton collection, in our department 300 00:19:56.480 --> 00:20:02.080 and how they entered, in our collection, they needed we know from the archives, 301 00:20:02.160 --> 00:20:06.440 the French archives, the, the British Museum archives that 302 00:20:07.120 --> 00:20:10.120 that all these maybe 303 00:20:11.400 --> 00:20:12.920 from Russia coming one of the 304 00:20:12.920 --> 00:20:17.920 most important vases from, from from Greek, 305 00:20:17.920 --> 00:20:22.280 history of, of of history of Greek vases. 306 00:20:22.720 --> 00:20:28.400 And so they, they entered in several moments. 307 00:20:28.600 --> 00:20:34.320 So in one of the biggest saint of, of the Bonaparte's excavations in Paris, 308 00:20:34.800 --> 00:20:40.400 87, vases from black figure vases, 309 00:20:40.880 --> 00:20:44.960 and, and, and red 310 00:20:44.960 --> 00:20:49.000 figured vases with the most famous painters of the Greek. 311 00:20:49.000 --> 00:20:53.560 These production attic production, 312 00:20:53.560 --> 00:20:58.640 and also in this important and important collection of bronzes. 313 00:20:58.640 --> 00:20:59.680 Etruscan bronzes. 314 00:21:02.880 --> 00:21:03.680 And at the same 315 00:21:03.680 --> 00:21:07.520 moment, there was an important exhibition, 316 00:21:07.520 --> 00:21:11.960 the first blockbuster exhibition in London, from the company revolver. 317 00:21:12.520 --> 00:21:18.320 Excavator of the site that were that was directly also linked to the family. 318 00:21:18.320 --> 00:21:22.600 In reality, the companies that were directly linked to the Bonaparte's also. 319 00:21:22.800 --> 00:21:26.240 And so a lot of objects coming from the Bonaparte excavations 320 00:21:26.240 --> 00:21:29.480 and the own excavations in the Scala 321 00:21:29.480 --> 00:21:32.480 and the city of of of voce 322 00:21:32.760 --> 00:21:38.480 from the company also entered into London Market at that time, and the British 323 00:21:38.480 --> 00:21:42.320 Museum acquired 324 00:21:42.320 --> 00:21:46.720 in several times a lot of objects also coming from Vinci. 325 00:21:46.720 --> 00:21:48.440 And we now know that 326 00:21:48.440 --> 00:21:52.240 these spaces, thanks to the archives, can be related to a Bonaparte excavation. 327 00:21:52.240 --> 00:21:55.240 So it's not just 328 00:21:55.320 --> 00:21:59.240 I'm just showing you that in order to say that it's not just one 329 00:21:59.240 --> 00:22:05.480 not only acquisition in this story of, of of collecting in a lot, but, in history 330 00:22:05.480 --> 00:22:10.280 of collecting that we can also develop in several years, several moments. 331 00:22:11.560 --> 00:22:13.760 So it's a part of a policy of acquisition 332 00:22:13.760 --> 00:22:17.520 of the British Museum directly related to this important site. 333 00:22:17.520 --> 00:22:19.760 Tools. One of the most important site of that time. 334 00:22:19.760 --> 00:22:24.600 Interesting site of that time in the archives, private lives in Italy. 335 00:22:24.600 --> 00:22:27.720 I found us all the letters of James Lincoln, 336 00:22:27.720 --> 00:22:30.720 a dealer that was working directly with the British Museum. 337 00:22:30.720 --> 00:22:33.840 I mean, Florence as, in those. 338 00:22:34.000 --> 00:22:35.640 Very well, 339 00:22:35.640 --> 00:22:39.440 this man, since she, she, she published a few years ago, 340 00:22:39.920 --> 00:22:44.040 a long time ago, 341 00:22:44.040 --> 00:22:48.600 an important article about the Nestor de la curation with Daniel, wonderful titles. 342 00:22:48.600 --> 00:22:49.720 France. 343 00:22:49.720 --> 00:22:52.640 And he was clearly like 344 00:22:52.640 --> 00:22:55.560 an agent of the British Museum directly 345 00:22:55.560 --> 00:22:58.560 trying to purchase for the British Museum 346 00:22:58.600 --> 00:23:02.200 important acquisitions in Italy, mostly. 347 00:23:03.200 --> 00:23:08.240 And, thanks to these letters, now we can also recompose. 348 00:23:08.600 --> 00:23:11.400 How was how how it was done, 349 00:23:11.400 --> 00:23:14.480 how, really works 350 00:23:14.480 --> 00:23:18.040 of the British Museum in order to have the best objects 351 00:23:18.040 --> 00:23:21.440 from the canon of collections for for the British Museum. 352 00:23:21.960 --> 00:23:23.960 That it was passed, 353 00:23:24.960 --> 00:23:27.680 in fact, I 354 00:23:27.680 --> 00:23:30.840 think that that found is that a big part of this collection 355 00:23:30.840 --> 00:23:35.000 and not a big part of coming from the Cardinal collection arrived 356 00:23:35.000 --> 00:23:38.960 not through auction sales, but via this direct link 357 00:23:38.960 --> 00:23:42.320 between Lincoln and Lucien Bonaparte. 358 00:23:42.320 --> 00:23:46.840 In reality, Alexandrine Bonaparte, because Russia was already dead. 359 00:23:46.880 --> 00:23:49.160 He died. He died in 1840. 360 00:23:49.160 --> 00:23:51.680 And so Alexandrine, who was the mastermind of the excavation, 361 00:23:51.680 --> 00:23:54.960 was also the mastermind of the commercial operations, let's say, 362 00:23:55.520 --> 00:23:58.520 and so it's another important lot 363 00:23:58.880 --> 00:24:02.360 that has, you can understand, really shaped the, 364 00:24:02.720 --> 00:24:06.440 the image and the, the nature of the of the collection 365 00:24:06.440 --> 00:24:10.280 of the Greek waste collection, in, in our museums. 366 00:24:11.360 --> 00:24:13.440 So a lot of also attic 367 00:24:13.440 --> 00:24:19.360 like figured and, and and and read figured with, the most important names, 368 00:24:19.480 --> 00:24:25.800 painters imported and put the names for the Berlin painter, the Syrian painter, 369 00:24:28.560 --> 00:24:30.680 throw neo six, etcetera, etcetera. 370 00:24:30.680 --> 00:24:34.400 Just putting some of the 371 00:24:35.440 --> 00:24:38.440 most wonderful vases that we have in the collection. 372 00:24:38.640 --> 00:24:42.160 And it's also a way for us to 373 00:24:43.200 --> 00:24:47.880 integrate that in the display we want to do, because 374 00:24:48.440 --> 00:24:52.960 since there is this strong, strong link with the inside and the Greek pottery, 375 00:24:53.320 --> 00:24:56.120 we have also to assess some things that we have to present 376 00:24:56.120 --> 00:25:00.680 it as Etruscan objects and not maybe non Greek objects. 377 00:25:01.160 --> 00:25:04.160 It's it's my show that the better is time. 378 00:25:06.320 --> 00:25:06.960 Anyway 379 00:25:06.960 --> 00:25:11.120 of this collection, but I will pass briefly, I think through 380 00:25:11.120 --> 00:25:15.640 passing through of the collectors directly coming from CanSino. 381 00:25:15.640 --> 00:25:19.480 So, we have, we have a lot and mainly and it's 382 00:25:19.480 --> 00:25:22.920 what connected to know archeology 383 00:25:23.320 --> 00:25:28.280 and important lots of a context, a bigger utilizing context. 384 00:25:28.280 --> 00:25:32.000 The the easiest tomb from the Rock cemetery 385 00:25:32.880 --> 00:25:35.400 70 object directly purchased 386 00:25:35.400 --> 00:25:39.160 through, Emil Brown, an important German archeologist, 387 00:25:39.760 --> 00:25:42.920 that was discovered 388 00:25:42.920 --> 00:25:48.760 in 18 39 by Alexandrine Bonaparte. 389 00:25:48.760 --> 00:25:50.320 Russian was ill at that time, 390 00:25:51.440 --> 00:25:51.760 and the 391 00:25:51.760 --> 00:25:55.120 collection that marked is the real ecology. 392 00:25:55.120 --> 00:26:00.800 It was published directly by important Italian archeology at that time. 393 00:26:00.800 --> 00:26:07.040 So it was, it was, as important as the recall galaxy tombs 394 00:26:07.040 --> 00:26:10.400 that we you probably know from the Museo Ariano, 395 00:26:11.000 --> 00:26:14.120 and it is one of the major, 396 00:26:14.120 --> 00:26:18.040 archeological contexts and lot assemblage 397 00:26:18.040 --> 00:26:21.240 that we have in our Etruscan collection at the British Museum. 398 00:26:21.800 --> 00:26:27.200 The fact is that we know from, study, for example, of seaplanes. 399 00:26:27.200 --> 00:26:29.240 My predecessor at the British Museum. 400 00:26:29.240 --> 00:26:33.640 And Frederick, whenever I had to retake a profound study. 401 00:26:33.960 --> 00:26:36.040 That has to be we seen. 402 00:26:36.040 --> 00:26:39.800 But, in 2012, about this important context 403 00:26:39.800 --> 00:26:42.960 that the chamber tomb of the easiest 404 00:26:42.960 --> 00:26:45.960 tomb has been. 405 00:26:46.320 --> 00:26:47.880 Reaching, 406 00:26:47.880 --> 00:26:52.000 closed directly after its discovery, let's say. 407 00:26:52.000 --> 00:26:57.120 And so, when I worked on this, on this, 408 00:26:57.960 --> 00:27:03.120 on this, context, for really identifying some objects. 409 00:27:03.120 --> 00:27:06.840 And we identified also some knowledge coming from there that are now in Madrid, 410 00:27:06.920 --> 00:27:07.560 for example. 411 00:27:09.280 --> 00:27:10.880 I was wondering, but 412 00:27:10.880 --> 00:27:15.320 could we find this localization of have we some clues in the archives 413 00:27:15.320 --> 00:27:19.320 of the 19th century to find this a, this, this localization of the tomb? 414 00:27:19.760 --> 00:27:23.520 Because at the end we know the material like in a lot of museums, 415 00:27:23.520 --> 00:27:27.800 but we don't know the actual archeological context of it. 416 00:27:27.800 --> 00:27:33.080 And so we are lacking a huge part of the story of, of these objects. 417 00:27:33.080 --> 00:27:35.400 And these are some of these contexts. 418 00:27:35.400 --> 00:27:38.400 And in fact, 419 00:27:39.440 --> 00:27:41.480 the story of, of evolution 420 00:27:41.480 --> 00:27:44.840 that allows us to find one clue about that 421 00:27:45.560 --> 00:27:50.480 linked to French excavations, the first real scientific excavation 422 00:27:50.480 --> 00:27:54.440 of a site developed by a French archeologist, Stefan Z. 423 00:27:55.840 --> 00:27:58.600 When the lands were purchased by the family 424 00:27:58.600 --> 00:28:02.560 to Loana in direct connection with the French school of from. 425 00:28:02.680 --> 00:28:06.320 It was excavation from the French School of Rome, and in fact it was. 426 00:28:06.840 --> 00:28:11.120 He has coveted, a lot of tombs with a very precise 427 00:28:11.120 --> 00:28:14.200 scientific, scientific, 428 00:28:14.800 --> 00:28:18.320 approach by the end of the 19th century. 429 00:28:18.800 --> 00:28:24.240 And in the map, the one of the first archeological map of that time. 430 00:28:24.600 --> 00:28:30.280 True, a true Yankee ticket, the easiest tombs there in the point 431 00:28:31.240 --> 00:28:35.120 with related to of the, two of them. 432 00:28:35.240 --> 00:28:39.760 That he excavated. 433 00:28:40.160 --> 00:28:45.920 And just focus you I just say to you to focus on this point here. 434 00:28:46.040 --> 00:28:49.040 We will talk about it. Indeed. 435 00:28:49.480 --> 00:28:52.000 So this is a zone or so that has been excavated 436 00:28:52.000 --> 00:28:55.760 with by other Italian archeologists, archeologists at that time. 437 00:28:55.760 --> 00:28:58.880 But the Stefan Z excavations of the French school of from where 438 00:28:59.120 --> 00:29:01.680 one of the most important it has been. 439 00:29:01.680 --> 00:29:06.040 It's a zone that has been so excavated by some important figures 440 00:29:06.040 --> 00:29:10.840 from local archeology, Francesco Scotti, but without proper 441 00:29:11.360 --> 00:29:14.360 archeological documentation. 442 00:29:14.680 --> 00:29:16.800 And in the 20th century, 443 00:29:16.800 --> 00:29:21.320 with the development of scientific archeology 444 00:29:21.320 --> 00:29:25.120 and the importance that the site had, it was integrated into this 445 00:29:25.120 --> 00:29:27.600 a pretend dance, it became an archeological part. 446 00:29:29.240 --> 00:29:29.840 Our Italian 447 00:29:29.840 --> 00:29:33.840 colleagues, also the disciplines sound so it's think of something. 448 00:29:33.840 --> 00:29:39.840 The reception began to do some topographical work on the entre 449 00:29:39.840 --> 00:29:44.240 zone of the necropolis, and we identified also context 450 00:29:44.240 --> 00:29:47.680 about risk of ated by the Bonaparte's and by Stefan del. 451 00:29:50.240 --> 00:29:52.600 It was also a zone that was profoundly marked, 452 00:29:52.600 --> 00:29:56.960 like a lot of Etruscan sites, by looters temporarily. 453 00:29:57.560 --> 00:29:59.400 We hate them. 454 00:29:59.400 --> 00:30:02.400 But they they, 455 00:30:02.480 --> 00:30:06.920 we know from, reconstructions of these do things 456 00:30:07.240 --> 00:30:10.560 that the zone of the easiest tomb 457 00:30:10.560 --> 00:30:14.400 and the zone excavated by Stefan Z. 458 00:30:14.440 --> 00:30:18.920 Where there was also important or utilizing context that, 459 00:30:19.680 --> 00:30:22.680 that are now dispersed. 460 00:30:22.680 --> 00:30:27.760 That, that are dialoging with the existing. 461 00:30:28.240 --> 00:30:31.880 So we have close to say visits tomb these where 462 00:30:32.960 --> 00:30:34.520 okay, 463 00:30:34.520 --> 00:30:38.320 we have also some a big in an important work done 464 00:30:38.320 --> 00:30:42.280 by Francesco for Cavalli with aerial photography 465 00:30:42.320 --> 00:30:47.880 who identified here for example the tumulus at this point f but excavated. 466 00:30:49.640 --> 00:30:52.640 Stefan by the end of the 19th century. 467 00:30:52.680 --> 00:30:55.200 And he constructed also all the tombs. 468 00:30:55.200 --> 00:30:59.440 So with, difference of vegetation, you can you can you can 469 00:30:59.720 --> 00:31:03.520 you can see the, the the the tombs of the necropolis 470 00:31:03.560 --> 00:31:08.280 and recompose also the funerary landscape of it. 471 00:31:09.600 --> 00:31:15.080 And just to say that the, the archeological site of the 472 00:31:15.320 --> 00:31:20.440 is also part of there is a lot of, foreign missions working there in the city 473 00:31:20.480 --> 00:31:24.800 in some zones, of the, of the eastern necropolis, 474 00:31:24.840 --> 00:31:28.600 but the zone of the Palais de Rara cemetery, where vezes tomb, 475 00:31:29.960 --> 00:31:32.600 are important context of at the British 476 00:31:32.600 --> 00:31:36.520 Museum is as never been 477 00:31:36.880 --> 00:31:39.880 studied in reality. 478 00:31:39.920 --> 00:31:45.240 So it's on all these basis and also on the basis of what the France 479 00:31:45.240 --> 00:31:48.440 studied on a big project that we had, of seminar 480 00:31:48.440 --> 00:31:51.560 related to the history of excavations of all key 481 00:31:51.560 --> 00:31:54.920 and collection that I, I developed with my colleagues of exception. 482 00:31:54.960 --> 00:32:00.200 So now what I'm Marianne McCartney, Alessandra Conti, Laura Maria McAtee. 483 00:32:00.320 --> 00:32:04.520 She's the, the the, professor of psychology and Italian 484 00:32:04.520 --> 00:32:08.160 antiquities at the department of since then antiquity data set in some, 485 00:32:09.080 --> 00:32:13.640 that she published on all these strong rules that also allow it 486 00:32:13.640 --> 00:32:17.640 to create a real networks between archeologists, 487 00:32:18.120 --> 00:32:21.360 previous archeologists working on the site, Italian archeologist. 488 00:32:21.360 --> 00:32:24.360 And also important museum holdings, 489 00:32:24.640 --> 00:32:27.240 collection from the site 490 00:32:28.320 --> 00:32:29.000 with this 491 00:32:29.000 --> 00:32:33.560 and also we did a little exhibition about this dispersion at the 492 00:32:33.720 --> 00:32:36.960 at the Museum of, ecology of a some, 493 00:32:37.760 --> 00:32:42.880 about this dispersion of Vulcan material. 494 00:32:43.280 --> 00:32:47.000 We decided in 2023 to develop 495 00:32:47.760 --> 00:32:50.800 a project related to this zone of a poly drama, 496 00:32:51.080 --> 00:32:54.080 of the eastern necropolis from, 497 00:32:54.400 --> 00:32:57.480 this convention from the the the Italian, French 498 00:32:57.480 --> 00:33:01.040 excavation of the 19th century to the heritage activities. 499 00:33:01.520 --> 00:33:05.280 Lootings, of the second half of the 20th century. 500 00:33:06.000 --> 00:33:11.600 It's a project that has a lot of partners, now, so 501 00:33:11.600 --> 00:33:15.320 the process of, historically is still one that has been excavated. 502 00:33:15.320 --> 00:33:17.560 The Sapienza, the British Museum. 503 00:33:17.560 --> 00:33:21.960 Now that time part of it, the video technician that, of course, 504 00:33:22.360 --> 00:33:26.280 and Italian colleagues from the superintend denser 505 00:33:26.600 --> 00:33:30.960 vegetation, a region that unanimously Lazio, where a lot of 506 00:33:31.640 --> 00:33:36.440 material from new things are integrating into that collection and and 507 00:33:36.600 --> 00:33:40.640 the Fondazione voce and another partner for geophysics, 508 00:33:40.640 --> 00:33:43.640 the Paris acquisitions. 509 00:33:43.840 --> 00:33:47.480 So a big project difficult to put in place 510 00:33:47.480 --> 00:33:53.040 but that we, we try to, to, to develop and I wanted to present you 511 00:33:53.040 --> 00:33:56.840 that because in order to work on this type of project, 512 00:33:57.160 --> 00:34:00.160 like retaking excavations 513 00:34:00.320 --> 00:34:02.680 already in zones they already excavated 514 00:34:02.680 --> 00:34:07.280 in the 19th century, you have to foster a real network of 515 00:34:07.280 --> 00:34:13.280 of of of of partners, let's say, and we have a lot of collaboration. 516 00:34:13.280 --> 00:34:16.640 And so and so, yes, that was the, 517 00:34:17.880 --> 00:34:20.200 the tricky part of, of it. 518 00:34:20.200 --> 00:34:25.440 We, we started, of fieldwork 519 00:34:25.560 --> 00:34:28.560 in 2023 with 520 00:34:29.760 --> 00:34:32.200 a drone coverage of the zone. 521 00:34:32.200 --> 00:34:35.200 It was little missions of 1 to 2 weeks 522 00:34:36.000 --> 00:34:39.320 in order to create a proper GIS, 523 00:34:39.360 --> 00:34:43.040 and to trigger the zone 524 00:34:43.520 --> 00:34:48.680 to pinpoint for zones where we want to excavate, in the future. 525 00:34:48.880 --> 00:34:50.480 And in fact. 526 00:34:50.480 --> 00:34:53.520 So just a few things to show you. 527 00:34:53.520 --> 00:34:56.760 How is the vegetation there? It's awful. 528 00:34:56.920 --> 00:34:58.800 It hurts. 529 00:34:58.800 --> 00:35:02.200 And so like that, you have to 530 00:35:03.360 --> 00:35:05.320 you get that we need totally 531 00:35:05.320 --> 00:35:08.840 to have the support also of the local authorities 532 00:35:08.840 --> 00:35:13.640 in order to help us to clean also the site to to have access to the site. 533 00:35:13.640 --> 00:35:18.320 And so, I mean, it's important that we are not foreign people working on that site 534 00:35:18.320 --> 00:35:23.600 is always collaborating with the local, archeological authorities. 535 00:35:23.600 --> 00:35:26.720 And, I mean, the project is better like like that, 536 00:35:27.360 --> 00:35:31.520 some images that maybe you, you, you know, from the team 537 00:35:31.720 --> 00:35:35.000 where direct we included people from the museum field. 538 00:35:35.000 --> 00:35:38.560 So for example, here you can see Cecil Colonna, the, 539 00:35:38.560 --> 00:35:42.120 the director of the community media, in Paris 540 00:35:43.200 --> 00:35:46.840 and Lebanon at your right, the Department, 541 00:35:48.360 --> 00:35:52.320 the Mid-Atlantic, the BNF, and Alexander feeding my colleague Rene, 542 00:35:52.360 --> 00:35:55.360 who is in charge of the Greek vases at the British Museum, 543 00:35:56.440 --> 00:35:58.480 and colleagues from Italian colleagues, 544 00:35:58.480 --> 00:36:02.920 from the, from, from, the superintendents, 545 00:36:02.920 --> 00:36:05.920 the cancer, 546 00:36:06.720 --> 00:36:11.240 and replaced briefly because I was, I 547 00:36:12.440 --> 00:36:15.280 we have a bit of time for sure 548 00:36:15.280 --> 00:36:16.720 because I'm a chatty person. 549 00:36:16.720 --> 00:36:19.720 And so we created like, 550 00:36:19.720 --> 00:36:22.640 indeed, a modern model 551 00:36:22.640 --> 00:36:25.640 map of the zone where interested in 552 00:36:25.720 --> 00:36:28.720 it is a zone, in fact, that 553 00:36:29.480 --> 00:36:31.520 we know has been totally excavated 554 00:36:31.520 --> 00:36:36.400 by the, by the Bonaparte's, for example, we know here in that zone 555 00:36:36.400 --> 00:36:40.320 the tomb, the two minutes of a humiliating and 556 00:36:42.160 --> 00:36:42.800 it's a zone. 557 00:36:42.800 --> 00:36:45.800 So it's not private lands, it's zones 558 00:36:46.320 --> 00:36:49.200 that are demonio linked to the park. 559 00:36:49.200 --> 00:36:51.920 And in that zone of, 560 00:36:51.920 --> 00:36:56.840 we know that in all the slopes of this of this hill, there was, 561 00:36:57.280 --> 00:37:01.160 there were tombs and we 562 00:37:02.680 --> 00:37:04.880 we decided after, building 563 00:37:04.880 --> 00:37:10.280 this GIS to and all the things that are required to build the GIS, 564 00:37:10.280 --> 00:37:13.480 I mean, little, I really for the integration of I 565 00:37:13.480 --> 00:37:18.720 of photography, the logic, study of other sites. 566 00:37:18.720 --> 00:37:22.680 Also, we decided to focus on 567 00:37:24.320 --> 00:37:27.040 this portion of land 568 00:37:27.040 --> 00:37:30.920 where the to move is the main monument 569 00:37:31.280 --> 00:37:33.960 that is near the easiest tombs 570 00:37:33.960 --> 00:37:38.000 could be identified, that is to say, the tumulus 571 00:37:38.520 --> 00:37:42.480 that the these benches give way to excavated 572 00:37:43.840 --> 00:37:44.440 excavated. 573 00:37:44.440 --> 00:37:48.200 No identified because in fact never excavated. 574 00:37:48.200 --> 00:37:51.200 We know from his publication 575 00:37:52.520 --> 00:37:56.160 he says that in fact so that he could 576 00:37:56.200 --> 00:38:00.640 walk into the reference, the planning was that to set foot on a continuous 577 00:38:01.160 --> 00:38:06.560 okay, this is he has no more necessary and never had not need to do that. 578 00:38:06.560 --> 00:38:12.400 So also, that they that that that time he and he drove the tumulus. 579 00:38:12.440 --> 00:38:18.360 He I identified the, the crypt in a circle of a chimneys that was, 580 00:38:20.360 --> 00:38:22.360 named for slabs. 581 00:38:22.360 --> 00:38:27.240 But he never excavated the, 582 00:38:28.280 --> 00:38:31.280 the, the tomb in itself is a tomb. 583 00:38:31.400 --> 00:38:36.520 And it is quite important because we just have three community, in fact, just two. 584 00:38:36.520 --> 00:38:41.640 And this is the third one, big generally from volumes analyzing period, 585 00:38:41.640 --> 00:38:45.800 the same period like the existing so seventh century BC, 586 00:38:46.280 --> 00:38:49.280 the Big Tumulus of the cuckoo Cocomelon, 587 00:38:49.640 --> 00:38:51.920 and the two minutes of the cuckoo 588 00:38:51.920 --> 00:38:54.560 which is near these two movies. 589 00:38:54.560 --> 00:38:55.920 So it just the third one. 590 00:38:55.920 --> 00:39:01.520 And so in terms of, funerary landscape, it was one of the most important, 591 00:39:01.680 --> 00:39:05.840 monuments of the zone of the particular 592 00:39:05.840 --> 00:39:09.920 where the easiest tomb also has been found, but not located. 593 00:39:10.560 --> 00:39:14.160 So it's on this base, it's 594 00:39:14.160 --> 00:39:17.400 that it's also I mean, the application shows that they found 595 00:39:17.960 --> 00:39:21.800 in, by the end of the 19th century, a lot of tombs, also with material, 596 00:39:22.320 --> 00:39:27.680 that could be also now identified as a, 597 00:39:29.640 --> 00:39:30.720 this, a big 598 00:39:30.720 --> 00:39:34.560 also work to be done on the, on the excavation XL 599 00:39:34.960 --> 00:39:39.480 and the dispersion of the material, it's mainly held 600 00:39:39.480 --> 00:39:42.720 probably in the toll collection that, you know, probably are closed. 601 00:39:42.720 --> 00:39:48.560 So, from, from the view, that it's on this basis that we, 602 00:39:48.560 --> 00:39:51.560 we developed the project by 603 00:39:51.560 --> 00:39:56.480 asking to these, to these, about this visual sense, basically 604 00:39:56.960 --> 00:40:00.320 to do geophysics, on, the land 605 00:40:00.320 --> 00:40:04.720 where the aerial photography showed that there was opportunities there. 606 00:40:05.000 --> 00:40:08.280 So we have a point of interrogation. 607 00:40:08.280 --> 00:40:12.720 So this is this, this zone that you can see and you can see that here. 608 00:40:12.720 --> 00:40:17.440 Maybe we have something, an amount that could be life, agriculture. 609 00:40:17.440 --> 00:40:20.440 And we, the, the, 610 00:40:20.480 --> 00:40:23.680 that, that, that could be that geometries and 611 00:40:25.520 --> 00:40:26.640 we had the results. 612 00:40:26.640 --> 00:40:31.160 So it was in, in June that we did so when you, when you go that we did this 613 00:40:31.160 --> 00:40:34.320 first for geophysics for sections, let's say, 614 00:40:34.920 --> 00:40:37.800 using free methods, 615 00:40:37.800 --> 00:40:42.000 electromagnetic induction, electrical resistivity 616 00:40:42.000 --> 00:40:45.440 tomography and ground penetrating radar of a radar 617 00:40:47.120 --> 00:40:52.560 didn't get us any information because of the quality of, of the soil, 618 00:40:52.920 --> 00:40:56.080 but we electrical resistivity tomography 619 00:40:56.600 --> 00:40:59.200 allowed us to find several zones, 620 00:40:59.200 --> 00:41:02.480 related to the borders of a tumulus, 621 00:41:02.920 --> 00:41:06.280 zones of anomaly that now 622 00:41:06.440 --> 00:41:10.040 we can better investigate for the future. 623 00:41:10.480 --> 00:41:13.480 And in fact, you see this anomaly in red 624 00:41:13.840 --> 00:41:16.840 is also related to 625 00:41:18.600 --> 00:41:21.760 maybe one of a tomb 626 00:41:22.000 --> 00:41:26.240 that has been drawn by, Stefan Z. 627 00:41:26.480 --> 00:41:27.880 And by the end of the 19th century. 628 00:41:27.880 --> 00:41:30.200 So we have this clue, 629 00:41:32.120 --> 00:41:39.080 Since the idea of principal idea 630 00:41:39.080 --> 00:41:43.120 was to find the localization of the system we also developed. 631 00:41:43.120 --> 00:41:46.560 But it's a, I mean, it's, it's, it's a deal that can be done 632 00:41:46.560 --> 00:41:49.560 with all the area of a particular around it. 633 00:41:49.720 --> 00:41:52.480 We we also, we also developed, 634 00:41:52.480 --> 00:41:55.480 we try to focus on, 635 00:41:56.600 --> 00:42:00.920 on, a good coverage of drone coverage about 636 00:42:01.120 --> 00:42:04.760 what could be interpreted, interpreted 637 00:42:04.960 --> 00:42:07.840 also ancient maps. 638 00:42:07.840 --> 00:42:12.600 Where could be this point near the estimate is related to the existing 639 00:42:13.160 --> 00:42:17.800 and in fact it's probably in some zone because we have also 640 00:42:18.240 --> 00:42:21.640 we have also, the team one. Yes. 641 00:42:22.840 --> 00:42:26.120 Testimonies from looters and, and farmers 642 00:42:26.320 --> 00:42:30.440 saying that, oh, yes, the system has been discovered has been rediscovered. 643 00:42:30.440 --> 00:42:34.000 We know where it is, but it's in lands that are not 644 00:42:34.320 --> 00:42:38.200 that are in the hands of from private or private hands. 645 00:42:40.120 --> 00:42:41.560 So we are 646 00:42:41.560 --> 00:42:45.280 trying also to, to, to, to find it. 647 00:42:45.720 --> 00:42:50.560 And you can see that maybe the zone where it is located. 648 00:42:50.560 --> 00:42:53.560 So me, I was thinking that it was in this zone because, 649 00:42:53.840 --> 00:42:57.440 by reading the maps, it could be related to these reasons. 650 00:42:58.000 --> 00:43:00.560 The timing of this is fast, 651 00:43:00.560 --> 00:43:03.800 so all the confirmation of the necropolis 652 00:43:03.800 --> 00:43:08.480 is also directly related to this, to the, to this zone. 653 00:43:08.480 --> 00:43:11.920 And so in the future, the aim is also to trying 654 00:43:11.920 --> 00:43:15.200 to find the proper location of, of the existent. 655 00:43:15.560 --> 00:43:20.320 But also the importance for us is to reconstruct this funeral, 656 00:43:20.680 --> 00:43:23.600 this funerary landscape, in order also maybe to present it 657 00:43:23.600 --> 00:43:26.600 in the new Redisplay in the British Museum. 658 00:43:27.240 --> 00:43:30.240 We also foster collaboration with, 659 00:43:30.240 --> 00:43:34.040 with with a museo Nationale de voce in order to work 660 00:43:34.040 --> 00:43:37.400 on the recuperative change discoveries that are discovered that, 661 00:43:38.040 --> 00:43:43.440 which are also directly dialoging with our own collections at the 662 00:43:43.440 --> 00:43:48.480 British Museum, coming from from voce, because we just don't have Greek vases. 663 00:43:48.480 --> 00:43:54.200 But we have also a lot of Etruscan, objects coming from, from, from, from key 664 00:43:55.520 --> 00:43:58.520 and in the future and in reality, 665 00:43:58.760 --> 00:44:01.200 in, in one week I will leave 666 00:44:01.200 --> 00:44:04.200 on, on, on Sunday 667 00:44:04.520 --> 00:44:07.520 we will open the, 668 00:44:08.200 --> 00:44:10.720 the excavation on the communities. 669 00:44:10.720 --> 00:44:15.200 We will try to redo the full electrical resistivity 670 00:44:15.200 --> 00:44:18.720 tomography coverage of the tumulus in order to find the chamber tomb, 671 00:44:19.360 --> 00:44:22.360 hoping that we will discover something 672 00:44:22.920 --> 00:44:25.440 and we will do cold readings also to interpret 673 00:44:25.440 --> 00:44:30.240 better the, the the first results of the geophysics team. 674 00:44:31.720 --> 00:44:32.600 Just that to say. 675 00:44:32.600 --> 00:44:36.280 So it was presentation of this project, but just that to say that it is important 676 00:44:36.280 --> 00:44:40.280 to foster this dialog between actual archeology and, 677 00:44:40.360 --> 00:44:43.920 19th century collection and museum, because it will allow to 678 00:44:44.680 --> 00:44:48.280 have a new glimpse and new to shed new light on 679 00:44:49.280 --> 00:44:52.760 the archeological context of these major 680 00:44:53.000 --> 00:44:57.520 discoveries of the 19th century, and to present it not as museum objects, 681 00:44:57.520 --> 00:45:01.280 but also as living, 682 00:45:01.280 --> 00:45:04.520 as living archeological objects 683 00:45:04.520 --> 00:45:08.080 that are also directly related to nowadays archeology. 684 00:45:08.360 --> 00:45:11.360 On, on the site and so on. 685 00:45:11.360 --> 00:45:14.360 This project is also integrated into a, 686 00:45:14.640 --> 00:45:16.880 a big project that we have at the British Museum. 687 00:45:16.880 --> 00:45:22.520 That is the master plan we plan to in the ten years to re 688 00:45:22.560 --> 00:45:26.480 redisplay of the collection, but in a new way. 689 00:45:26.600 --> 00:45:29.600 So we just don't want to redo 690 00:45:29.600 --> 00:45:32.600 what what has been done in the, in the, in the 90s. 691 00:45:34.080 --> 00:45:36.240 And my idea is to 692 00:45:36.240 --> 00:45:41.320 integrate better this dialog between actual archeology field work 693 00:45:41.760 --> 00:45:44.480 with, objects 694 00:45:44.480 --> 00:45:47.480 related to history of 19th century collecting. 695 00:45:48.840 --> 00:45:49.960 And that's it. 696 00:45:49.960 --> 00:45:50.880 Thank you very much. 697 00:45:50.880 --> 00:45:53.880 And sorry I've been. 698 00:45:57.440 --> 00:45:58.360 Thank you so much, 699 00:45:58.360 --> 00:46:01.360 Cristian, for this beautiful presentation. 700 00:46:01.600 --> 00:46:04.640 So, we have, ten minutes. 701 00:46:04.640 --> 00:46:10.280 It's, discussion and, questions for the public. 702 00:46:10.680 --> 00:46:14.800 I have to say that it was perfectly, in the theme of, 703 00:46:14.800 --> 00:46:19.080 today's, discussion and, and reflection, 704 00:46:19.320 --> 00:46:24.640 and, your conclusion, said that probably the, the importance of, 705 00:46:24.640 --> 00:46:28.600 still making archeology 706 00:46:28.600 --> 00:46:31.600 in, in our museum and, 707 00:46:31.680 --> 00:46:34.880 I think it is, the best example 708 00:46:34.880 --> 00:46:37.880 you can, you can, present to the British to, 709 00:46:37.880 --> 00:46:42.000 to actively, continue in that way. 710 00:46:42.000 --> 00:46:48.520 So, I will, I will, launch the discussion and, 711 00:46:48.520 --> 00:46:52.880 the question before the public, if you if you have some, 712 00:46:53.920 --> 00:46:54.560 I will give you 713 00:46:54.560 --> 00:46:57.560 a microphone if you have some, do you 714 00:46:58.440 --> 00:47:02.400 could be in French or in, in English as, as you want, as you prefer. 715 00:47:02.920 --> 00:47:05.920 And I. 716 00:47:15.480 --> 00:47:16.720 Yes. Thank you 717 00:47:16.720 --> 00:47:19.720 very much, Christine, for this presentation. 718 00:47:19.760 --> 00:47:22.600 And I am very happy to see the new developments 719 00:47:22.600 --> 00:47:25.840 and this perspective, which is very exciting. 720 00:47:26.760 --> 00:47:29.920 Unfortunately, I won't be in Italy this summer, so, 721 00:47:30.000 --> 00:47:34.240 I wanted to ask 722 00:47:34.400 --> 00:47:38.360 about the ancient collections, the ancient excavations 723 00:47:38.920 --> 00:47:42.480 that you presented, which is really an extensive, 724 00:47:42.600 --> 00:47:46.480 let's say, industry, you commercial dissemination. 725 00:47:46.480 --> 00:47:51.840 And, how confident are you to find precisely precise 726 00:47:52.400 --> 00:47:56.480 provenance is within the necropolis for the objects 727 00:47:56.960 --> 00:48:00.720 which are now kept in the British Museum or elsewhere. 728 00:48:01.280 --> 00:48:04.960 And the second part of my question is that, 729 00:48:08.200 --> 00:48:10.120 how do you think that new excavation 730 00:48:10.120 --> 00:48:13.640 to the excavations of new contexts, 731 00:48:15.320 --> 00:48:18.920 let's hope, untouched, can shed light, 732 00:48:19.280 --> 00:48:23.240 on the collection that, lost, 733 00:48:24.680 --> 00:48:27.680 zero zero in context, 734 00:48:28.000 --> 00:48:29.920 an intact. Yes. 735 00:48:29.920 --> 00:48:31.600 Important question. That's right. 736 00:48:31.600 --> 00:48:34.640 Related to the, the the theme that we're developing. 737 00:48:35.800 --> 00:48:38.240 It depends with the nature of the archive. 738 00:48:38.240 --> 00:48:42.400 So in what I was able for the Bonaparte excavation 739 00:48:42.400 --> 00:48:46.920 to recompose, for example, for few vases, few bronzes, 740 00:48:46.920 --> 00:48:50.400 we can recompose clearly as something is coming, 741 00:48:50.400 --> 00:48:55.120 because on the archives that I found, they have the localization, the, the, 742 00:48:55.120 --> 00:48:59.880 the month, the date, the, the year that can be and sometimes some, 743 00:49:00.240 --> 00:49:03.160 some, precise localization 744 00:49:03.160 --> 00:49:07.600 on, on the, on, on, on the, on the map 745 00:49:07.600 --> 00:49:12.840 that is also accompanying the, the, the Bonaparte's, publications. 746 00:49:12.840 --> 00:49:18.200 So for some objects, it's possible to, to find the localization. 747 00:49:18.200 --> 00:49:22.800 But for the most of it, it's more areas, let's say for Bonaparte excavation. 748 00:49:23.360 --> 00:49:26.880 But it was also excavation of the time of the other, you know, 749 00:49:26.880 --> 00:49:28.880 the, the beginning of the 19th century. 750 00:49:28.880 --> 00:49:33.320 So without proper archeological documentation, 751 00:49:33.320 --> 00:49:38.480 but for that time, just putting a name for zone, the localization and, 752 00:49:38.560 --> 00:49:43.440 and the description of the finding, the archive is quite rare. 753 00:49:43.440 --> 00:49:47.320 So it provides some informations to do 754 00:49:47.320 --> 00:49:50.360 some, some groupings, let's say 755 00:49:51.240 --> 00:49:56.720 for the late 19th century excavation, we have the chance 756 00:49:56.840 --> 00:50:02.200 to, have a proper good documentation of study, a big publication 757 00:50:02.200 --> 00:50:06.160 of Stephan Excel, which allows us a, as I saw on the office to 758 00:50:07.560 --> 00:50:08.240 to locate 759 00:50:08.240 --> 00:50:11.840 properly the fines that are coming from these excavations. 760 00:50:11.840 --> 00:50:15.800 And for example, we can identify so a drawing 761 00:50:15.800 --> 00:50:21.920 we can identify it as 762 00:50:21.920 --> 00:50:24.920 a vase from the galley that is now 763 00:50:25.440 --> 00:50:29.800 maybe inlaid and I'm not sure, but in, in, in Netherlands I think, 764 00:50:30.080 --> 00:50:33.200 so it is possible to, 765 00:50:33.200 --> 00:50:38.160 to find low localization any way and for the second part 766 00:50:38.160 --> 00:50:41.960 of, of you, but for few, for few objects already. 767 00:50:42.720 --> 00:50:46.280 But I think that first 768 00:50:46.280 --> 00:50:50.720 reintegrating it into the, to just to say 769 00:50:50.720 --> 00:50:53.720 it has been found year in this zone, its first 770 00:50:54.960 --> 00:50:58.360 something interesting to to say that is normally not presented 771 00:50:58.400 --> 00:51:01.640 in, in our panels in, in the museum. 772 00:51:01.640 --> 00:51:03.400 So it would be 773 00:51:03.400 --> 00:51:06.080 a new archeological information 774 00:51:06.080 --> 00:51:09.080 for, for objects quite important. 775 00:51:09.240 --> 00:51:13.520 The, the second part of your question was related to 776 00:51:13.960 --> 00:51:17.440 how the future, 777 00:51:17.640 --> 00:51:22.960 excavation and research can enrich the understanding of, 778 00:51:24.320 --> 00:51:26.120 the existing collection. 779 00:51:26.120 --> 00:51:28.040 Yeah. 780 00:51:28.040 --> 00:51:30.320 In fact, 781 00:51:30.320 --> 00:51:35.600 I try to pass from my academic fields to my research to my museum position. 782 00:51:35.600 --> 00:51:42.360 Now, in our museum and how it is presenting now, 783 00:51:42.400 --> 00:51:46.720 it is a display of, of the 90 of the 1990s 784 00:51:48.080 --> 00:51:49.840 represent the objects by groupings, but 785 00:51:49.840 --> 00:51:52.840 without proper contextualization. 786 00:51:53.120 --> 00:51:56.480 And also graphical contextualization of it. 787 00:51:56.480 --> 00:51:59.720 So the idea that I have 788 00:51:59.720 --> 00:52:03.160 by retaking an excavation and better know 789 00:52:03.320 --> 00:52:06.200 the topography of this zone, 790 00:52:06.200 --> 00:52:10.640 how it it will allow also to to do funerary, 791 00:52:11.480 --> 00:52:15.080 I mean landscape archeology and to recompose 792 00:52:15.080 --> 00:52:20.520 how the zone was, was in antiquity, in a way, with this important monument 793 00:52:20.520 --> 00:52:24.880 that was a focal point of the necropolis with the rows of a necropolis. 794 00:52:24.880 --> 00:52:27.920 And so it will be something reconstructions 795 00:52:27.920 --> 00:52:32.000 that could be also integrated into the the displays. 796 00:52:32.000 --> 00:52:35.480 What I hope I will work in fact next year with we have 797 00:52:36.600 --> 00:52:39.280 illustrator in our department that will 798 00:52:39.280 --> 00:52:42.280 that he's she she's she's doing also this type of 799 00:52:43.400 --> 00:52:44.800 landscape reconstruction. 800 00:52:44.800 --> 00:52:48.680 So we will try to, to, to develop, that, that aspect. 801 00:52:48.680 --> 00:52:51.200 So we will have a direct 802 00:52:51.200 --> 00:52:54.080 effect on the redisplay. 803 00:52:54.080 --> 00:52:57.080 But also, I mean, I'm 804 00:52:58.040 --> 00:53:03.120 pretty convinced that all this history of archeology, all the detective story 805 00:53:03.120 --> 00:53:07.760 that we can share with the audience is something that we have to present 806 00:53:08.280 --> 00:53:12.320 more effectively in our display, because it's an entrance door 807 00:53:12.440 --> 00:53:15.440 towards the, 808 00:53:16.160 --> 00:53:19.560 the, the knowledge of what is a 19th century collection 809 00:53:19.840 --> 00:53:23.080 and what are this important archeological context. 810 00:53:23.080 --> 00:53:27.040 It was not a logical context with this indications of 811 00:53:28.720 --> 00:53:30.320 Greek vases, Etruscan 812 00:53:30.320 --> 00:53:34.560 objects, in the case of vases tomb, the thing was also, 813 00:53:34.560 --> 00:53:40.160 it is known mostly because there is, a check out of the Antalya. 814 00:53:40.160 --> 00:53:43.920 So, objects from the east, Egypt, everything. 815 00:53:43.920 --> 00:53:49.080 So it's a way of presenting it in a more complete way with 816 00:53:50.120 --> 00:53:50.880 fostering a 817 00:53:50.880 --> 00:53:55.280 dialog between between what we can do now on the field work 818 00:53:55.760 --> 00:54:01.040 and what we what we, what was done in the 19th century. 819 00:54:01.040 --> 00:54:06.520 Also, the permanent tree display is not it's the, 820 00:54:07.320 --> 00:54:11.480 the the the perspective, the final perspective. 821 00:54:11.960 --> 00:54:15.520 But in that process, we can think in stages. 822 00:54:15.520 --> 00:54:21.040 And for example, for 2028, my idea, I don't know if it will be approved. 823 00:54:21.040 --> 00:54:24.040 It has actually, I hope my ad 824 00:54:24.080 --> 00:54:27.200 was also to foster, 825 00:54:27.200 --> 00:54:30.200 thanks to this collaboration that we created, 826 00:54:31.040 --> 00:54:34.160 to bring back some objects from the existing, 827 00:54:34.160 --> 00:54:37.160 very important contexts of the excavation. 828 00:54:37.800 --> 00:54:39.520 But we have had the video thickness 829 00:54:39.520 --> 00:54:42.520 and the default that we have at the British Museum 830 00:54:42.920 --> 00:54:46.480 to represent it, to represent event for the bicentenary 831 00:54:46.480 --> 00:54:49.920 of anniversary of the excavations of the of, of the Bonaparte's 832 00:54:50.320 --> 00:54:53.800 inventory in itself, in the archeological evolution, 833 00:54:54.320 --> 00:54:59.800 in order also to create this cultural heritage dialog, 834 00:54:59.800 --> 00:55:04.040 with with Italian, with with the Italian audience. 835 00:55:05.600 --> 00:55:08.600 It's a way to. 836 00:55:09.800 --> 00:55:13.640 Yes to to foster new links and also to to 837 00:55:13.960 --> 00:55:17.800 to to be efficient and proactive 838 00:55:17.800 --> 00:55:22.560 into this big concerns that we have about cultural heritage property. 839 00:55:22.760 --> 00:55:25.760 So this is could be also another answer. 840 00:55:27.280 --> 00:55:27.640 Yeah. 841 00:55:27.640 --> 00:55:30.640 And if I may just hold on the microphone one thing 842 00:55:30.800 --> 00:55:35.000 and say I had something about that 843 00:55:35.360 --> 00:55:38.640 I think this is very important for the, 844 00:55:39.320 --> 00:55:43.480 giving, a new archeological context to objects 845 00:55:43.480 --> 00:55:48.680 that were presented as Greek vases and in some European museums, vases 846 00:55:48.680 --> 00:55:52.680 from Etruria still are only Greek vases and not, 847 00:55:53.440 --> 00:55:57.080 multifold objects with multiple identities. 848 00:55:57.320 --> 00:56:00.200 So and I think it's 849 00:56:00.200 --> 00:56:04.280 it joins some very important debates about the collection 850 00:56:04.280 --> 00:56:07.560 and the nature of they from where they were created 851 00:56:07.720 --> 00:56:11.840 or what we have done after with the, with them. 852 00:56:11.840 --> 00:56:13.280 So thank you. 853 00:56:16.200 --> 00:56:19.160 Thank you very much for your for your interesting talk. 854 00:56:19.160 --> 00:56:22.080 I recognize some of the, the images. 855 00:56:22.080 --> 00:56:25.080 I was wondering you have on one hand 856 00:56:25.280 --> 00:56:28.280 Italy, who is, 857 00:56:28.680 --> 00:56:32.600 recently claiming a lot of objects from museums 858 00:56:32.600 --> 00:56:35.920 and on the, on the other hand, you have a British Museum who is hesitant, 859 00:56:36.120 --> 00:56:39.760 if I may say so, of, returning or, 860 00:56:40.760 --> 00:56:43.640 giving back the objects. 861 00:56:43.640 --> 00:56:47.720 Are you not scared or how do the British me see this cooperation? 862 00:56:48.320 --> 00:56:53.600 Are the agendas of of all the parties the same, or is Italian, 863 00:56:53.840 --> 00:56:58.680 looking for arguments to, or claim objects back? 864 00:56:58.680 --> 00:57:01.680 And you are looking for context? 865 00:57:02.680 --> 00:57:04.920 Is there something like a discussion 866 00:57:04.920 --> 00:57:09.200 in the British Museum about these kind of different agendas? 867 00:57:09.600 --> 00:57:12.280 In fact, there is no claim related to Italians, 868 00:57:13.400 --> 00:57:15.560 under the British Museum and 869 00:57:15.560 --> 00:57:18.240 very happy not to face 870 00:57:18.240 --> 00:57:21.280 this issue, I have to say, for Greek 871 00:57:21.280 --> 00:57:24.640 and Anatolian collection, it's another question. 872 00:57:25.640 --> 00:57:29.400 Anyway, but, the position of the museum is to have 873 00:57:30.720 --> 00:57:35.400 the police to have now the more open, 874 00:57:36.240 --> 00:57:40.600 everything's introspection discourse about that, let's say. 875 00:57:40.600 --> 00:57:45.240 So, so for claims 876 00:57:46.200 --> 00:57:50.840 there that can focus, the policies 877 00:57:50.840 --> 00:57:56.640 to acknowledge them clearly and to, to face the problem 878 00:57:56.640 --> 00:58:00.080 by fostering a profound dialog with, with, with partners. 879 00:58:00.080 --> 00:58:01.880 And I mean, in 880 00:58:01.880 --> 00:58:04.880 I think that it's. 881 00:58:06.240 --> 00:58:08.800 By reshaping 882 00:58:08.800 --> 00:58:11.520 the links with 883 00:58:11.520 --> 00:58:16.400 foreign authorities, important local laws or archeological authorities 884 00:58:16.400 --> 00:58:20.960 that are related to the nature of our collection, that we can also 885 00:58:21.280 --> 00:58:26.200 provide an answer to that, like to show that we are proactive in this sense, 886 00:58:26.480 --> 00:58:30.240 I think I think so for me that we are we are 887 00:58:30.240 --> 00:58:33.320 now in the new age of, 888 00:58:34.280 --> 00:58:37.280 curatorship in a way that we 889 00:58:37.520 --> 00:58:42.560 all acknowledge the shoes, of this, 890 00:58:42.560 --> 00:58:46.560 of, of vis a vis a vis questions. 891 00:58:47.200 --> 00:58:51.680 But we know how to balance history of archeology and, 892 00:58:52.280 --> 00:58:55.280 history of collecting when you are a specialist of that, 893 00:58:55.400 --> 00:58:58.920 and it's the job of the curator to be to be specialist of that and, 894 00:58:59.240 --> 00:59:02.840 and, allegation that can be, 895 00:59:02.840 --> 00:59:06.400 that can be presented in several files, let's say, 896 00:59:06.960 --> 00:59:09.960 and, it's by, 897 00:59:11.080 --> 00:59:12.440 it's by, yes. 898 00:59:12.440 --> 00:59:16.760 Fostering this dialog and to be as transparent as we can be 899 00:59:18.000 --> 00:59:21.360 towards the history of archeology towards, towards 900 00:59:22.160 --> 00:59:25.520 then, provenance research is important 901 00:59:25.520 --> 00:59:29.200 to develop in every department related to its provenance research. 902 00:59:29.600 --> 00:59:33.800 It's something that should be done, but that has not be done 903 00:59:33.800 --> 00:59:37.760 by a lot of people because of lack of time, let's say. 904 00:59:37.760 --> 00:59:41.840 And so at the British Museum, we had in our in my department, 905 00:59:41.840 --> 00:59:48.360 we have also to, to face, difficult situations in the last yes. 906 00:59:48.560 --> 00:59:52.080 Related to related to theft issues. 907 00:59:52.320 --> 00:59:56.240 And so, there was, a lack of curators 908 00:59:56.640 --> 01:00:01.240 that were just free curators for a huge, huge, huge collection. 909 01:00:01.240 --> 01:00:06.000 So now that we are more, we we, 910 01:00:06.000 --> 01:00:09.040 we have to develop this type of project, I think. 911 01:00:09.320 --> 01:00:11.360 So I trying to develop that for Italy, 912 01:00:12.320 --> 01:00:14.360 but not just for voce, for the portal. 913 01:00:14.360 --> 01:00:17.360 So I mean, South Italy also, 914 01:00:17.520 --> 01:00:20.600 to, to yes, 915 01:00:20.600 --> 01:00:23.640 to better face vis a vis a vis a vis issues. 916 01:00:23.640 --> 01:00:27.520 But the position of the British Museum is to be more open as we can be. 917 01:00:29.160 --> 01:00:29.880 Thank you. Yes. 918 01:00:29.880 --> 01:00:33.360 Because I 919 01:00:34.520 --> 01:00:36.600 if you if you have a British Museum. 920 01:00:36.600 --> 01:00:39.880 I totally agree that fieldwork 921 01:00:40.520 --> 01:00:43.040 can also do something 922 01:00:43.040 --> 01:00:46.240 about these different aims and different goals. 923 01:00:46.240 --> 01:00:49.240 And so provenance research and field work 924 01:00:49.640 --> 01:00:53.720 is probably the best way to, as you said, to the dialog 925 01:00:53.720 --> 01:00:57.720 and to to cooperate and to share the same thing. 926 01:00:57.720 --> 01:01:00.800 So, it was a question, not that, 927 01:01:01.160 --> 01:01:06.440 to, to say, well, I'm totally, in favor of doing field work 928 01:01:06.440 --> 01:01:10.480 also in the relationship bounding with the countries of origin 929 01:01:10.880 --> 01:01:14.880 and start the dialog also on the ownership of objects, for example. 930 01:01:15.560 --> 01:01:17.080 Thank you. I come. 931 01:01:19.200 --> 01:01:20.960 To play 932 01:01:20.960 --> 01:01:23.000 maybe you have, maybe you have a 933 01:01:23.000 --> 01:01:28.240 other question that I quickly to some I, I add something to, to this, reflection 934 01:01:28.240 --> 01:01:32.240 and in this case of will you, you managed to, build 935 01:01:32.240 --> 01:01:37.120 a very strong collaboration with, partnership. 936 01:01:37.760 --> 01:01:41.000 Well, local partnership, from the region 937 01:01:41.000 --> 01:01:44.640 scale to the, very local community. 938 01:01:44.920 --> 01:01:50.360 And that is maybe why you have, such, success. 939 01:01:50.360 --> 01:01:54.440 And you said before transparency is a key word, in this matter 940 01:01:54.960 --> 01:01:59.960 and, maybe I was, confusing myself, 941 01:01:59.960 --> 01:02:04.520 but I think you had to, kind of re contextualization. 942 01:02:04.520 --> 01:02:10.360 So you have the artifacts, scattered from the 19th centuries discoveries. 943 01:02:10.360 --> 01:02:15.320 And you have also you were, asked by the superintendents, 944 01:02:15.320 --> 01:02:18.400 that's a regional, authority to, 945 01:02:18.680 --> 01:02:21.440 try to re context also 946 01:02:21.440 --> 01:02:24.600 the artifacts looting looted from, 947 01:02:24.600 --> 01:02:28.760 Irish and, illegal excavation and, 948 01:02:28.800 --> 01:02:31.760 maybe this, matter of, 949 01:02:31.760 --> 01:02:35.960 zealous, 950 01:02:35.960 --> 01:02:41.000 question of, restitution is a little bit, 951 01:02:41.360 --> 01:02:46.240 better way by your collaborate, your direct collaboration 952 01:02:46.240 --> 01:02:49.760 with the superintendency as, solid 953 01:02:49.760 --> 01:02:53.680 partner to, try to recontact, 954 01:02:53.680 --> 01:02:57.640 to recontextualize these artifacts from recent looting. 955 01:02:57.960 --> 01:03:03.240 So maybe it was, the key point of, this collaboration and to, 956 01:03:03.440 --> 01:03:08.880 put, a trustful relationship between, different partners. 957 01:03:08.880 --> 01:03:13.160 It's about that we want to, to, to, to develop because the idea was to have 958 01:03:13.760 --> 01:03:19.400 the more broad view of what is the Palais asymmetry at that time. 959 01:03:19.400 --> 01:03:23.720 And so it's true that in imported Etruscan sites 960 01:03:23.720 --> 01:03:27.520 that has suffered from a lot of looting 961 01:03:28.560 --> 01:03:29.600 from if 962 01:03:29.600 --> 01:03:34.040 you consider I don't consider 19th century excavations as looting, 963 01:03:34.080 --> 01:03:37.520 but some Italians consider that it's like that. 964 01:03:38.520 --> 01:03:42.280 But in the case of a you excavation, the case of Catalonia, 965 01:03:42.840 --> 01:03:45.920 then excavation, it was made under the laws of the country 966 01:03:45.920 --> 01:03:50.600 of that time, before the legend Nazi of 19 to that 967 01:03:52.040 --> 01:03:56.360 was an impeachment to, to to 968 01:03:57.560 --> 01:04:02.720 to export, to export archeological goods, from the territory. 969 01:04:02.720 --> 01:04:05.360 Anyway, 970 01:04:05.360 --> 01:04:08.240 it is not directly with a superintendence. 971 01:04:08.240 --> 01:04:10.560 It is with a direction unanimously. 972 01:04:10.560 --> 01:04:13.720 So which is another entity more related to museums? 973 01:04:14.080 --> 01:04:16.920 But they clearly it's 974 01:04:16.920 --> 01:04:19.920 an interplay between all these collaborations. 975 01:04:20.160 --> 01:04:22.800 And it was, 976 01:04:22.800 --> 01:04:25.760 my colleague, Alessandra Coco 977 01:04:25.760 --> 01:04:29.760 Field, the director, co-director of, of the fieldwork, Alessandra Conti, 978 01:04:30.160 --> 01:04:34.520 who already did this type of collaboration directly between the Sapienza and the 979 01:04:34.880 --> 01:04:39.400 and the and superintendence and the research agenda 980 01:04:40.040 --> 01:04:44.680 for another site related to Voce Castro and it was a great collaboration in to try 981 01:04:44.680 --> 01:04:48.600 it was and Castro was Belgian, 982 01:04:48.640 --> 01:04:52.480 Belgian excavations of the 50s, 60s of the height, 983 01:04:53.080 --> 01:04:56.720 with a lot of unpublished, material. 984 01:04:57.480 --> 01:05:01.640 And also, so on the basis of this collaboration, 985 01:05:01.640 --> 01:05:04.640 they told they, they told him, you know, that 986 01:05:04.640 --> 01:05:08.560 in the stone rooms of the Museo de la voce, we have also a lot of 987 01:05:09.680 --> 01:05:12.920 boxes of recuperate change discoveries. 988 01:05:12.920 --> 01:05:17.160 So both, discoveries 989 01:05:17.680 --> 01:05:22.040 from looters or, Caesars 990 01:05:22.280 --> 01:05:27.520 by, the superintendency itself that were not studied. 991 01:05:27.800 --> 01:05:30.800 And so and we have in fact, the, 992 01:05:31.640 --> 01:05:34.800 the even more mainly when it was done. 993 01:05:34.800 --> 01:05:39.440 So it's from lootings from the 20th century. 994 01:05:39.440 --> 01:05:45.760 But we have some information on the boxes related to the, catalysts of the zones. 995 01:05:45.760 --> 01:05:49.400 And with this work on the cottagers knowing 996 01:05:49.400 --> 01:05:53.280 well our territory, we can add them into zones 997 01:05:53.280 --> 01:05:56.840 a bit like we can do with the canning or archives in the way. 998 01:05:57.280 --> 01:06:01.000 And in fact, some of them can be reconstructed 999 01:06:01.000 --> 01:06:05.920 and replaced near the tumulus, near the, the, the 1000 01:06:06.000 --> 01:06:10.320 the the tomb of of the probable point of the chamber feces. 1001 01:06:10.320 --> 01:06:12.040 So it will be. 1002 01:06:13.040 --> 01:06:17.120 Yes. In order to have a 1003 01:06:17.120 --> 01:06:21.640 complete view of what it is and what is the dispersal, 1004 01:06:21.640 --> 01:06:24.640 the dispersal of the material, not just a 1005 01:06:25.080 --> 01:06:27.800 but also, 1006 01:06:27.800 --> 01:06:30.240 with material that are still, 1007 01:06:30.240 --> 01:06:33.480 held by the superintendency 1008 01:06:33.480 --> 01:06:36.480 and the museums on on the site. 1009 01:06:36.560 --> 01:06:40.400 And indeed, it's it's great because we are not just for rain 1010 01:06:40.400 --> 01:06:44.280 as it was like, not Professor Michelle guy who told me, Christian, 1011 01:06:44.280 --> 01:06:47.280 you remember that you will not non-Italian. 1012 01:06:47.560 --> 01:06:50.000 And so we always be non-Italian. 1013 01:06:50.000 --> 01:06:54.480 You are asking them to collaborate, to work with them. 1014 01:06:54.480 --> 01:06:58.440 And so you have to be in this in this position, not has. 1015 01:06:58.440 --> 01:07:03.280 We have we don't have to be in this in in for archeology in foreign countries. 1016 01:07:03.280 --> 01:07:04.840 And so 1017 01:07:04.840 --> 01:07:07.680 naturally the collaboration arrives 1018 01:07:07.680 --> 01:07:11.520 and they ask you also to provide new data 1019 01:07:11.520 --> 01:07:15.320 on their own material that they fostered, they the investor rooms. 1020 01:07:15.320 --> 01:07:18.040 And so it's it's a complete dialog. 1021 01:07:18.040 --> 01:07:19.160 And we also, 1022 01:07:20.360 --> 01:07:21.400 for some, pretend that 1023 01:07:21.400 --> 01:07:23.960 he's also excavating in other zones of the necropolis. 1024 01:07:23.960 --> 01:07:27.720 So the velocity and necropolis not steady and necropolis, for example. 1025 01:07:28.000 --> 01:07:31.280 And they discovered all utilizing contexts 1026 01:07:31.280 --> 01:07:35.000 that are directly dialoging with the system, for example. 1027 01:07:35.400 --> 01:07:41.280 And so in the idea of fostering a new, a new, an exhibition project, 1028 01:07:41.280 --> 01:07:46.640 in order to, to shed new light on 19th century material. 1029 01:07:46.640 --> 01:07:48.960 It's also important to 1030 01:07:48.960 --> 01:07:51.280 to develop that link. 1031 01:07:51.280 --> 01:07:52.280 Thank you. 1032 01:07:52.280 --> 01:07:53.360 Do you have any questions? 1033 01:07:53.360 --> 01:07:56.360 We have time for one more. 1034 01:07:58.520 --> 01:08:01.520 Question. No. 1035 01:08:01.640 --> 01:08:04.400 So thank you so much for still 1036 01:08:04.400 --> 01:08:07.400 for this, beautiful presentation and insights. 1037 01:08:07.760 --> 01:08:09.960 We will enrich our discussion. 1038 01:08:09.960 --> 01:08:13.520 Our conclusive discussion.